From deportation to court, key events in Kilmar Abrego Garcia’s fight with the Trump administration

Kilmar Abrego Garcia entered the news in March 2025 after he was deported to El Salvador despite a court ruling that should have prevented it. His complicated legal fight since then has galvanized both sides of the debate over President Donald Trump’s immigration policies.

There is a civil case in Maryland where the 30-year-old is challenging the Department of Homeland Security’s attempts to deport him again. There is also a criminal case in Tennessee, where the government accuses him of human smuggling. Finally, there is a petition in immigration court, where he hopes to pursue an asylum claim.

Here is a timeline of key events:

Arrival: around 2011

Abrego Garcia flees El Salvador for the U.S. as a teenager.

Arrest: March 28, 2019

Abrego Garcia is arrested outside a Maryland hardware store. Police accuse him of being a gang member and turn him over to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

Immigration court: Oct. 10, 2019

A Maryland immigration judge rules that Abrego Garcia cannot be deported to El Salvador, where a gang has threatened his family. He is given a work permit and placed under federal supervision.

Detained by ICE: March 12, 2025

Abrego Garcia is detained by ICE in Baltimore while driving home with his 5-year-old son.

Deportation: March 15, 2025

Abrego Garcia is mistakenly deported to El Salvador and held in a notoriously brutal prison.

Supreme Court: April 10, 2025

The U.S. Supreme Court says the Trump administration must work to bring Abrego Garcia back.

Criminal charges: June 6, 2025

Abrego Garcia is unexpectedly returned to the U.S. and charged with human smuggling, based on a Tennessee traffic stop from 2022.

Attempts at second deportation: July 23, 2025—present

ICE announces plans to remove him to a series of African countries, but is blocked by an injunction from a Maryland federal judge.

Released from jail: August 22, 2025

Abrego Garcia leaves the Tennessee jail where he has been since June to return to his family in Maryland and await trial there. Within minutes of his release, ICE sends notice that they intend to deport him to Uganda.

Seeking asylum: Aug. 25, 2025

Abrego Garcia reports to an immigration office in Baltimore and is taken into custody. He also petitions to reopen his immigration case to pursue asylum in the United States.

Immigration case denied: Oct. 1, 2025

A Baltimore immigration judge denies Abrego Garcia’s request to reopen his immigration case. His attorneys vow to appeal.

Judge orders release: Dec. 11, 2025

A federal judge in Maryland orders ICE to immediately release Abrego Garcia while his legal challenge against his deportation proceeds.